When buying a regenerative thermal oxidizer
When buying a regenerative thermal oxidizer it is important to know that your regenerative thermal oxidizer is of quality materials, with a good overall design. Additionally, you should know the basics of how a regenerative thermal oxidizers works.
The primary function of the Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer is to destroy the waste contaminants from the plants process streams. The Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer is based on the principle of combustion. Combustion is the most common method used to destroy organic plant emissions.
Thermal Oxidation equipment is capable of having very high destruction efficiency from 98% to 99+ depending on the equipment design. Regenerative Thermal Oxidizers typically consist of an industrial burner that ignites supplemental fuel and the plants process waste, and combustion chamber that provides the required holding or residence time for the destruction to occur. Combustion occurs when there is a rapid combination of oxygen with different types of elements or chemicals resulting in release of heat or British Thermal Units.
Complete combustion of the supplemental fuel is required so that no further pollutants are added to the process. In order to achieve complete combustion the plant process air and the supplemental fuel must be brought into contact with one another. The following required operating conditions must occur:
1. A temperature which is high enough to ignite the plants process waste.
2. Turbulent mixing of the air, process waste and supplemental fuel mixture.
3. Sufficient retention or chamber residence time for the oxidation reaction to occur.
The oxidation of a combustible is affected greatly by the temperature, thus the higher the temperature the quicker the oxidation rate. Thermal oxidation of most volatile organic compounds occurs between 590°F and 650°F. Most plant facilities operate waste incinerators between 1400°F to 1450°F. The time for which the waste stream pollutants stay in the regenerative thermal incinerator is called oxidation residence time. The longer the residence time the lower operating temperature within the combustion chamber.
The formula for oxidation residence time is:
t = V / Q where, t = residence time, seconds
V = chamber volume, ft3
Q = gas volumetric flow rate at combustion ft3/s.
Combustion air or oxygen stream must be taken into consideration of design. For complete thermal combustion to occur, every molecule of plant process waste and any supplemental fuel that is added must come in contact with the provided oxygen. Should this not occur the untreated plant process waste and any non ignited supplemental fuel will be exhausted from the exhaust stack.
The system of mixing the burner flame and plant waste stream to obtain a blended uniform temperature for the destruction of plant waste gases is the most difficult part in the design of a regenerative thermal oxidizer. A Regenerative thermal oxidizer must be engineered carefully and with proven retention methods to achieve the maximum blending of gases that avoids areas of untreated waste.
A Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer consists of an industrial burner, combustion chamber, and a fan to either push or draw the plants process stream through the oxidizer system. This forces the polluted waste stream, air and fuel are continuously be delivered thru the combustion chamber where the waste stream combusted. The waste stream is delivered through the Heat Sink media to cause ignition or pre-heat the waste stream on the way to the combustion area. The waste gases in the plants process air are then reacted at combustion areas elevated temperature. The average waste stream velocity can range from 10 fps to 75 fps. Higher velocity process streams are very useful in preventing any waste stream particulates from settling down. Some industries choose to recover the energy or BTU value generated by this reaction by use of a heat exchanger.
The Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer should be constructed of material which can withstand higher temperatures such as ¼” to 3/8″ material to avoid overheating of the skin or outside walls of the thermal unit. Regenerative Thermal Oxidizers use thermocouples designed to detect overheating. The modules of insulation exposed in the Combustion Chamber area is typically 8″ thick and a density of 12 lbs. /ft3.
Scott Manes is with American Environmental Fabrication & Supply, a manufacturer of the ReGen Series of Thermal Oxidizers. To learn more go to www.american-environmental.us
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